laktátküszöbértékhez

The laktátküszöbérték (lactate threshold value) refers to the exercise intensity at which lactate starts to accumulate in the blood at a faster rate than it can be removed. It marks the boundary between aerobic metabolism, where lactate is primarily cleared, and anaerobic metabolism, where lactate production exceeds clearance. This threshold is an important physiological marker for endurance performance and training prescription.

To determine the lactate threshold value, athletes undergo incremental exercise testing, typically on a cycle ergometer or treadmill. Blood samples are taken at regular intervals from a fingertip or forearm vein while the workload increases. Lactate concentration is measured using portable analyzers, and a characteristic rise in plasma lactate indicates threshold attainment. The most common method is the individual anaerobic threshold (IAT), defined as the point where lactate rises above the baseline to a specific concentration, typically 4–4.5 mmol/L. Variations include the lactate turn point, where the lactate curve shifts from a shallow to a steep slope, and the point of maximal lactate steady state.

The lactate threshold value correlates closely with the aerobic power output that can be sustained for extended periods. As training improves, the threshold often shifts to a higher percentage of VO2max, allowing athletes to perform at greater intensities without undue fatigue. Coaches use this information to set training zones, ensuring sessions target specific energy systems: low‑intensity work below the threshold for aerobic base building, moderate intensity near the threshold for lactate production control, and high‑intensity intervals above the threshold to enhance buffering capacity and anaerobic power.

Clinically, the lactate threshold is employed to assess metabolic disorders, to monitor disease progression, and to guide rehabilitation programs. In sports science research, it serves as a key variable in studies investigating adaptations to endurance training, nutrition, and environmental factors. Despite variations in testing protocols, the lactate threshold remains one of the most reliable and practical tools for evaluating and improving aerobic performance.