laajaperustukset

Laajaperustukset, or strip foundations, are a common type of shallow foundation used in construction. They are characterized by their linear shape, extending in a continuous strip beneath load-bearing walls or columns. The primary function of a laajaperustus is to distribute the weight of the structure over a wider area of soil, thereby reducing the pressure on the ground and preventing excessive settlement. This type of foundation is typically constructed from reinforced concrete.

The design and dimensions of a laajaperustus depend on several factors, including the load it needs to support, the bearing capacity of the soil, and local building codes. For residential buildings, they are often used to support the external load-bearing walls. In some cases, they can also be used for internal load-bearing walls, especially if the loads are significant or the soil conditions are poor. The excavation for a laajaperustus is usually no deeper than a few meters.

Construction involves excavating a trench to the required depth and width, placing formwork, and then filling it with reinforced concrete. The reinforcement, typically steel rebar, is crucial for providing tensile strength to the concrete, which is weak in tension. Laajaperustukset are generally cost-effective and relatively simple to construct compared to deeper foundation systems. They are particularly well-suited for stable soil conditions where the ground can adequately support the distributed load without significant settlement.