kumát

Kumát, commonly known as kumquat, refers to several species of small citrus trees in the genus Citrus. The fruit is small, typically 2.5–5 cm in length, with a thin edible rind and tart flesh. The name kumquat is borrowed from Cantonese gam gwat, meaning "gold orange."

Native to southeastern China and adjacent regions, kumquats are now grown in subtropical areas around the world. The two best-known cultivated forms are the Nagami kumquat, with oval fruit and a tart flesh, and the Meiwa kumquat, which is rounder and sweeter. Some markets also offer Marumi or other cultivars.

Kumquat trees are compact evergreen shrubs or small trees reaching 3–4 meters; they are more tolerant of poor soils and cold than other citrus but remain frost-sensitive. They prefer full sun, well-drained soil, and regular moisture. Propagation is commonly via grafted or layered cuttings.

Fruit eaten fresh, including whole with rind, due to the rind's sweetness masking acidity; used in jams, marmalades, desserts, and liqueurs; rind can be candied. Nutritional profile: relatively high in vitamin C and dietary fiber; low in calories.

Common pests include scale insects, aphids, and spider mites; diseases such as citrus canker and root rot can affect trees. Good cultural practices and appropriate treatments help manage risks. Kumát is valued for its distinctive flavor, ornamental appeal, and versatility in both culinary and ornamental uses.