kriminalistiikka

Kriminalistiikka, often translated as criminalistics or forensic science, is the application of scientific methods and techniques to the investigation of crimes. It is a broad field that encompasses various disciplines, including biology, chemistry, physics, and geology, all utilized to analyze physical evidence found at a crime scene. The primary goal of kriminalistiikka is to provide objective and reliable information that can assist law enforcement in identifying perpetrators, reconstructing events, and establishing facts in legal proceedings.

The process typically begins at the crime scene itself, where trained personnel meticulously document and collect any potential evidence. This evidence can range from fingerprints, DNA samples, and ballistics to trace materials like fibers, soil, or paint. Once collected, the evidence is transported to a forensic laboratory for detailed analysis by specialized scientists. For example, DNA analysis can link suspects to biological samples, while ballistics experts can match firearms to shell casings or bullets. Chemical analysis can identify unknown substances or determine the composition of materials.

The findings from forensic analysis are then compiled into reports that are presented to investigators and potentially to courts. These scientific findings are crucial in corroborating or refuting witness testimonies, establishing timelines, and ultimately contributing to the pursuit of justice. Kriminalistiikka plays a vital role in modern criminal investigations, offering a scientific basis for truth-finding and ensuring that legal decisions are informed by empirical evidence.