kreatinfosfokinas

Kreatinfosfokinas, also known as creatine kinase (CK) or creatine phosphokinase (CPK), is an enzyme found in various tissues and cell types, with the highest concentrations in skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and brain. Its primary function is to catalyze the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphocreatine to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the main energy currency of cells, and this reaction is crucial for providing rapid energy, especially during periods of high energy demand such as muscle contraction.

There are different isoenzymes of kreatinfosfokinas, reflecting its presence in different tissues. The most common are CK-MM (found predominantly in skeletal muscle), CK-MB (found in both cardiac and skeletal muscle, but predominantly used as a marker for heart damage), and CK-BB (found mainly in the brain and smooth muscle).

Measuring kreatinfosfokinas levels in the blood is a common diagnostic tool. Elevated levels can indicate damage to muscle tissue. For instance, significantly high CK-MM levels can suggest conditions like rhabdomyolysis, a breakdown of muscle fibers. Elevated CK-MB levels are a key indicator of myocardial infarction (heart attack), as damage to heart muscle releases this isoenzyme into the bloodstream. CK-BB levels are less commonly measured but can be elevated in certain neurological conditions. The interpretation of kreatinfosfokinas levels always considers the clinical context and is often performed in conjunction with other diagnostic tests.