kontaktdermatiteste

Kontaktdermatitis, also known as contact dermatitis, is a localized skin inflammation caused by exposure to irritants or allergens. It is a common dermatological condition that manifests as redness, swelling, itching, and sometimes blistering of the affected skin area. Kontaktdermatitis is classified into two types: irritant contact dermatitis, resulting from direct chemical or physical damage to the skin, and allergic contact dermatitis, caused by an immune response to a specific allergen.

The condition is diagnosed through clinical evaluation and patient history, often supplemented by patch testing. Patch tests involve applying small amounts of potential allergens to the skin under occlusion to identify hypersensitivity reactions. Common allergenic substances include nickel, fragrances, preservatives, and rubber compounds, while irritants may include soaps, solvents, or acid/alkaline substances.

Treatment primarily involves the avoidance of known irritants or allergens. Topical corticosteroids are frequently prescribed to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. Emollients and moisturizers help repair the skin barrier and prevent further irritation. In severe cases, systemic medications or immunosuppressants may be necessary.

Prevention includes tabbing potential allergens and irritants, using protective clothing, and implementing appropriate skin care routines. Educating patients about contact dermatitis aids in managing and reducing exposure risks.

Kontaktdermatitis affects individuals across all age groups but is particularly common among those with frequent exposure to irritating substances or allergens, such as healthcare workers, hairdressers, and consumers of jewelry. Recognizing the symptoms early and identifying triggers are essential for effective management and improving quality of life.