komplikovaná

Komplikovaný is a Czech adjective meaning “complicated” or “involved.” It describes things, processes, or situations that have many interrelated parts, factors, or steps, making them harder to understand, plan, or manage than usual. It is commonly used for technical systems, plans, problems, or events where additional difficulties or intricacies are present.

Origin and form: The word comes from the verb komplikovat, “to complicate,” with the participial suffix -ovaný forming the adjective. Like other Czech -ný adjectives, it agrees with the noun in gender and number (for example, komplikovaný, komplikovaná, komplikované). The comparative form is komplikovanější and the superlative nejkomplikovanější. The adverbial form is komplikovaně.

Usage and nuances: Komplikovaný emphasizes complexity and the interconnection of factors, not merely difficulty. It is typically used for objects, plans, situations, or processes. When describing a person, the phrase may appear in informal speech as “komplikovaný člověk,” but more natural alternatives include “komplikovaná osobnost” or simply describing specific traits. Synonyms include složitý and spletitý; near-antonyms are jednoduchý and prostý. Examples: “komplikovaný plán” (a complicated plan), “situace je komplikovaná” (the situation is complicated).