kizoku

Kizoku is a Japanese term that historically referred to the nobility or aristocratic class. Its meaning and scope have evolved over time, particularly in relation to the feudal and imperial periods of Japan.

In pre-Meiji Restoration Japan, the kizoku held significant social and political power. This class was distinct from the commoners and often possessed hereditary titles and privileges. The specific structure and hierarchy within the kizoku varied throughout different historical periods, but generally included imperial families, court nobles, and powerful samurai lords.

Following the Meiji Restoration in 1868, a new peerage system was established, formalizing the kizoku as a distinct class. This system, known as the Kazoku, was modeled after European peerages and included ranks such as Prince, Duke, Marquis, Count, and Baron. Members of the Kazoku were granted certain privileges and responsibilities, often serving in government and military roles.

The Kazoku system was abolished after World War II with the promulgation of the new Japanese Constitution. Today, the term "kizoku" is primarily encountered in historical contexts or in fictional works, where it may refer to characters of noble or aristocratic background. The concept of inherited social status, as embodied by the kizoku, no longer holds legal standing in modern Japan.