kitettsége

Kitettsége is the state or condition of being exposed to a factor, influence, or hazard. It describes the degree to which a person, a population, a system, or an asset is subjected to a specific environmental, biological, chemical, physical, or financial influence over a defined period. The concept differentiates exposure from inherent susceptibility or the magnitude of the resulting effect; exposure contributes to risk but does not by itself determine outcomes.

In health and environmental sciences, kitettsége refers to contact with potentially harmful agents such as pollutants, chemicals, noise, radiation, or pathogens. It can be acute or chronic and is assessed through measurements of concentrations in air, water, food, or biological samples, as well as via duration and route of exposure. Exposure assessment underpins risk characterization, regulatory standards, and public health interventions. In occupational safety, it describes workers’ exposure to hazards and is often monitored against established exposure limits, with controls and protective equipment used to reduce risk.

In finance and risk management, kitettsége denotes the vulnerability of a portfolio or institution to market, credit, liquidity, or operational risks. It is quantified through metrics such as asset sensitivities, value-at-risk, stress testing, and scenario analysis, and used to guide hedging strategies and capital allocation. In climate and urban planning, kitettsége concerns how populations and infrastructure are exposed to climate hazards like heat, floods, or storms, informing adaptation and resilience planning.

Measuring and mitigating kitettsége typically involves exposure assessment, modeling, monitoring programs, policy measures, and risk-reduction strategies tailored to the specific context.