keuhkoahtaumaa

Keuhkoahtauma, also known as pulmonary edema, is a condition where excess fluid accumulates in the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. This fluid buildup interferes with the lungs' ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream, leading to shortness of breath.

There are two main types of keuhkoahtauma: cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is caused by heart problems, most commonly heart failure, where the heart cannot pump blood effectively, leading to a backup of fluid in the lungs. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, also known as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), has various causes, including pneumonia, sepsis, severe injury, or inhaling toxic substances, which damage the lung tissue and increase its permeability to fluid.

Symptoms of keuhkoahtauma can vary in severity and may include sudden or gradually worsening shortness of breath, a feeling of suffocation or drowning, coughing up frothy or pink-tinged mucus, rapid breathing, and a rapid heart rate. In severe cases, it can lead to confusion, sweating, and a bluish discoloration of the skin and lips due to lack of oxygen.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, listening to the lungs with a stethoscope, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood tests to assess oxygen levels and identify underlying causes. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and relieving the fluid buildup. This may include oxygen therapy, medications to improve heart function or reduce fluid in the body (diuretics), and mechanical ventilation if breathing is severely compromised. Prompt medical attention is crucial for a favorable outcome.