kegeldrives

Kegeldrives are a class of mechanical power transmission devices that use conical gears, or kegels, as the primary contact surfaces for transferring torque between shafts. The term draws on the German word kegel, meaning cone. In concept, a kegeldrive replaces cylindrical gear meshes with conical geometry, enabling power transmission between shafts whose orientations or layouts differ from standard spur or helical gear arrangements. The cone-based geometry can allow variation in gear ratio through changes in engagement along the cone surface.

In operation, two cone-shaped gears mesh so that contact follows a line on the cone surface. The gear ratio depends on the cone angles and the axial engagement of the components, and some designs permit a gradual change of ratio as the engagement point moves along the cone. Effective use requires precise alignment and lubrication to manage contact stresses and wear. Designs may explore different cone configurations and engagement schemes to achieve desired transmission characteristics.

Advantages that have been proposed for kegeldrives include potential reductions in component count compared with multi-stage gearboxes and the possibility of compact, integrated layouts with smooth torque transfer. However, challenges include stringent manufacturing tolerances, alignment sensitivity, and difficulties achieving uniform tooth contact across the cone surface, which have limited widespread adoption in industry.

Historically, kegeldrives have appeared mainly in theoretical analyses, prototype demonstrations, and niche research projects rather than as standard commercial transmissions. Continued work in materials, lubrication, and manufacturing seeks to address practicality and reliability.

See also: bevel gear, cone drive, conical gears.