kamui

Kamui refers to a spiritual concept central to the Ainu people, the indigenous inhabitants of Hokkaido, Japan, and Sakhalin. It is a complex term that can be translated in various ways, including "god," "spirit," "divine," or "sacred." Kamui encompasses everything from the natural world, such as mountains, rivers, and animals, to abstract concepts like life and death. The Ainu believe that kamui reside in all things and possess distinct personalities and powers. These kamui are not necessarily benevolent; they can be both helpful and dangerous, depending on how humans interact with them.

The Ainu culture emphasizes respect for kamui through rituals, ceremonies, and offerings. The "iyomante" ceremony, a significant ritual involving the sending off of a bear kamui's spirit, is a well-known example of this deep reverence. Animals, particularly those that provided sustenance, were often seen as messengers or manifestations of kamui. The relationship between humans and kamui is viewed as reciprocal; by honoring and respecting kamui, humans can receive blessings and protection. Conversely, disrespect or neglect can lead to misfortune. The concept of kamui deeply influences Ainu worldview, social customs, and artistic expressions.