kalma

Kalma, or kalima, is a term of Arabic origin meaning "word." In general usage across languages that borrow from Arabic, kalma denotes a word or expression; in religious contexts it often refers to a creed or declaration of faith.

In Islamic usage, the kalima most commonly signifies a formal confession of faith. The Shahada, or testimony, is the central declaration: there is no god but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God. This declaration is foundational to belief in Islam and is recited in daily practice, during conversion, and in various rites. The broader concept of kalima in Islamic tradition can also refer to short statements that summarize belief, creed, or profession of faith in some communities.

In certain Muslim communities, especially in South Asia, a tradition exists of teaching and reciting a set of short creedal statements known as kalimas. The exact content and numbering of these kalimas can vary by regional tradition, school of thought, or local custom, but they share the purpose of summarizing core beliefs for learners.

Outside religious contexts, kalma simply means “word” in many Arabic-derived languages and appears in literature and everyday speech. The term can also function as a personal or family name in some cultures. Related topics include the Shahada and broader discussions of creed in Islam.