játékelméletet

Játékelmélet, or Game Theory, is a branch of mathematics that studies strategic interactions between rational decision-makers. It analyzes situations where the outcome for each participant depends on the actions of all participants. These situations are referred to as "games" in a broad sense, encompassing scenarios from economic competition and political negotiations to biological evolution and even everyday social interactions.

The core of game theory lies in modeling these interactions. Players, their available strategies, and the payoffs (rewards or penalties) associated with each combination of strategies are defined. Key concepts include Nash Equilibrium, a state where no player can improve their outcome by unilaterally changing their strategy, and dominant strategies, which are always the best choice for a player regardless of what other players do.

Game theory can be broadly categorized into cooperative and non-cooperative game theory. Cooperative game theory deals with scenarios where players can form binding agreements, while non-cooperative game theory focuses on situations where such agreements are not possible. It has found wide-ranging applications in economics, computer science, political science, biology, and philosophy, providing tools to understand and predict behavior in complex strategic environments.