julgas

Julgas is a form of the Portuguese verb julgar, meaning to judge or to form an opinion about something. Specifically, julgas is the second-person singular present indicative form used with the subject pronoun tu, corresponding to "you judge" in English. The full present indicative paradigm for julgar is eu julgo, tu julgas, ele julga, nós julgamos, vós julgais, eles julgam. In many varieties of Brazilian Portuguese, the pronoun você often replaces tu, yielding você julga instead of tu julgas, though tu julgas remains common in several regions.

Etymology and morphology: julgar comes from Latin iudicare, and the root iudic- is preserved in the Portuguese stem julg-. The form julgas follows regular -ar verb conjugation patterns for the tu form in the present tense, with no irregular changes.

Usage notes: julgas is used for literal judging (as in evaluating evidence in a case) or more figuratively (forming an impression or opinion about someone or something). Regional variation affects the preferred second-person pronouns and corresponding verb forms; tú forms (tu julgas) are common in Portugal and some regions, while você julga is standard in much of Brazil. The word itself does not convey a fixed judgment but rather the act of judging in the moment of speaking.

Examples:

- Tu julgas as decisões com cuidado. (You judge the decisions carefully.)

- Não julgas as pessoas pela aparência. (Don't judge people by appearance.)

See also: julgar; Portuguese verb conjugation patterns.