jordskjuvande

jordskjuvande is a term used in Norwegian-language discourse to describe ground movements caused by loss of underground support or by the formation of voids beneath the surface. The word combines jord (earth/soil) with skjuvande (pulling or shifting), reflecting the vibration, tilting, or collapse of the ground that can result from a range of processes.

Common mechanisms

jordskjuvande can arise from natural and human-made sources. Natural processes include dissolution of soluble rocks that creates subterranean cavities (karst) and staged collapses, as well as permafrost thaw and seismic activity that destabilize the subsurface. Human activities such as mining, excavation, underground construction, and excessive groundwater or oil and gas extraction can remove support or alter pore pressures, promoting subsidence or sudden void collapse. Erosion by water and rapid sediment compaction under load can also contribute.

Indicators, risks and consequences

Warning signs of jordskjuvande include differential settlement, visible cracking in structures, tilting of buildings, changes in drainage patterns, and, in some cases, sudden ground collapse or sinkholes. The hazards affect infrastructure, roads, pipelines, and buildings, requiring risk assessment, zoning, and emergency planning to protect life and property.

Monitoring and mitigation

Geotechnical monitoring (GNSS, laser scanning, InSAR) and regular site surveys help detect movement. Mitigation measures include proper site investigation before construction, ground stabilization, grouting and backfilling of voids, drainage management, controlled extraction practices, and land-use planning to avoid high-risk areas.

See also

subsidence

sinkhole

karst topography

soil mechanics

geotechnical engineering