jalaarterid

jalaarterid are the arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the lower limb, including the thigh, leg, and foot. The principal arterial trunk is the femoral artery, which continues from the external iliac artery after it passes beneath the inguinal ligament. The femoral artery gives off the deep (profunda) femoral artery, providing perfusion to the thigh via perforating branches. As the femoral artery travels down the thigh and crosses the knee, it becomes the popliteal artery behind the knee. The popliteal artery typically divides into the anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery. The posterior tibial artery often gives rise to the fibular (peroneal) artery. The anterior tibial artery supplies the anterior compartment of the leg and becomes the dorsalis pedis artery at the ankle, which continues onto the dorsum of the foot. The posterior tibial artery and its branches supply the posterior and plantar aspects of the foot. Additionally, several knee-region arteries, the genicular arteries, supply the knee joint.

Pulses are commonly palpated at the femoral pulse in the groin, the popliteal pulse behind the knee, the posterior tibial pulse behind the ankle, and the dorsalis pedis pulse on the top of the foot. Disorders of jalaarterid, such as atherosclerosis, can lead to peripheral artery disease, presenting with leg pain on exertion (claudication), rest pain, or non-healing ulcers. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Understanding jalaarterid anatomy is important in diagnosing vascular disease and planning surgical or endovascular treatment.