isotermic

Isotermic is a term that is most frequently encountered in the context of thermodynamics and refers to conditions or processes in which the temperature remains constant. Derived from the Greek words *isos* meaning equal and *thermos* meaning heat, isotermic describes situations where a system undergoes changes without a net change in its temperature. This concept is closely associated with the isothermal process, a fundamental type of thermodynamic transformation in which the temperature is held constant as energy is transferred either into or out of the system.

In an ideal gas, an isotermic expansion or compression can be described by the relation PV = nRT, where the product of pressure (P) and volume (V) remains constant for a fixed amount of gas (n) and temperature (T). Energy exchanges in such processes occur as work done by or on the gas, while no heat is absorbed or released that would alter the temperature. The ideal gas law thus becomes a convenient descriptor for isotermic behavior.

The term isotermic also appears in other scientific disciplines such as geology and materials science, often to describe geological formations or engineered components that exhibit uniform temperature distribution during analysis or operation. In these contexts, isotermic conditions can simplify calculations and aid in predicting material behavior under controlled thermal environments.