isododecane

Isododecane, also known as 1,2,3,4‑tetramethylcyclohexane or simply iso‑dodecane, is a branched‑chain C12 hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C12H26. It is a clear, colorless liquid of low viscosity and a relatively high boiling point (approximately 210 °C). The compound is classified as a cycloalkane derivative, featuring a cyclohexane ring substituted with four methyl groups, which gives it a highly branched structure and contributes to its low surface tension and high volatility.

Commercially, isododecane is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of petrochemical feedstocks, typically through the oligomerization of propylene or the hydrogenation of isomeric decanes. Its physical properties—particularly its resistance to oxidation and its ability to evaporate quickly without leaving residues—make it a valuable ingredient in cosmetic and personal‑care formulations. It is widely used as a solvent and a carrier in products such as foundations, sunscreens, deodorants, and hair sprays, where it provides a silky, non‑greasy feel and helps improve the spreadability of active ingredients.

In addition to cosmetics, isododecane serves as a component of certain industrial lubricants, inks, and cleaning agents. Its low reactivity and limited solubility for polar substances render it unsuitable for applications requiring strong solvency for water‑soluble compounds. Toxicological assessments classify isododecane as having low acute toxicity, and it is not considered a skin irritant or sensitizer under normal exposure conditions. Nevertheless, inhalation of high concentrations may cause respiratory irritation, and standard safety precautions—including adequate ventilation and the use of protective equipment—are recommended when handling the pure chemical.