inzulinrezisztenciában

Insulin resistance is a metabolic condition where cells in the body, particularly muscle, fat, and liver cells, do not respond effectively to insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy. When insulin resistance occurs, glucose has difficulty entering cells, leading to higher levels of glucose in the bloodstream.

Over time, this can lead to prediabetes and eventually type 2 diabetes, as the pancreas tries to compensate by producing more insulin. However, eventually, the pancreas may be unable to keep up with the increased demand, resulting in persistently high blood glucose.

Factors contributing to insulin resistance include obesity, particularly abdominal fat, a sedentary lifestyle, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Age and ethnicity can also play a role.

Symptoms of insulin resistance are often subtle or absent in the early stages. However, over time, individuals may develop symptoms associated with high blood sugar, such as increased thirst, frequent urination, increased hunger, and fatigue. Darkened skin patches, known as acanthosis nigricans, can also be a sign.

Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure fasting blood glucose, HbA1c (average blood sugar over 2-3 months), and sometimes insulin levels. Lifestyle modifications, including weight loss through diet and exercise, are the cornerstone of management. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to improve insulin sensitivity or manage blood sugar levels.