inválidos

Inválidos is a term used in Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking contexts to refer to people who have a physical or mental impairment that significantly limits one or more major life activities, particularly work. The word derives from Latin invalidus, meaning weakened or unable to function. Historically, the term was used in legal and medical settings to identify individuals eligible for certain protections, services, or pensions.

In many countries, inválidos were classified by degree of disability and assigned specific rights, such as disability pensions, medical care, or vocational assistance. Over time, the term has become viewed as outdated or stigmatizing in several jurisdictions. Contemporary preferred terminology tends to emphasize the person first, using phrases such as "persona con discapacidad" (Spanish) or "pessoa com deficiência" (Portuguese). Terminology varies by country and legal framework, and some systems still retain classifications related to invalidity for administrative or benefits purposes.

In disability policy and social welfare, the concept of invalidity often relates to the permanent or long-term inability to work due to illness, injury, or disability. Assessments typically involve medical evaluation and consideration of remaining work capacity, with eligibility for benefits or accommodations based on the degree of impairment and its impact on daily functioning.

Discussions of inválidos intersect with broader debates about disability rights, inclusion, accessibility, and the use of respectful, non-stigmatizing language. The shift toward person-centered terminology aims to promote equal participation and reduce discrimination in society.