infliksimab

Infliximab, sometimes spelled infliksimab in some texts, is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). It binds both soluble and transmembrane TNF-α, neutralizing its inflammatory effects and promoting downregulation of inflammatory pathways.

It is used to treat a range of autoimmune diseases, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis, and is also approved for certain juvenile idiopathic arthritis indications. It is typically given by intravenous infusion, administered in a clinical setting. An induction regimen commonly involves infusions at weeks 0, 2, and 6, followed by maintenance every 8 weeks, with exact dosing depending on indication, weight, and prior therapy.

Common adverse effects include infusion reactions and increased susceptibility to infections, including reactivation of latent tuberculosis and hepatitis B. Serious infections, malignancies, demyelinating disorders, and less commonly congestive heart failure have been reported. Prior to starting therapy, patients are screened for latent TB and hepatitis B; vaccination status should be reviewed. Live vaccines are generally avoided during treatment. Concomitant immunomodulators may reduce the formation of anti-drug antibodies and improve response in some diseases.

Infliximab is a biologic agent approved by the U.S. FDA in 1998 for Crohn's disease and later for other inflammatory conditions. Biosimilars are available in many markets. The role of infliximab is determined by disease activity, prior response, and risk assessment, with ongoing monitoring for efficacy and safety.