inConcrete

InConcrete is a concept in materials science and construction that describes integrating digital functionality into concrete to create intelligent, sensor-enabled building materials. The approach threads sensors, conductive fibers, microelectronics, and wireless communication into cementitious composites to enable monitoring, control, and optimization of performance throughout a structure’s life.

Key components include embedded sensors (for strain, temperature, corrosion), smart aggregates or conductive networks, data acquisition systems, and analytics platforms or digital twins that translate sensor data into actionable insights for design and maintenance. Implementation methods vary, including sensorized aggregates cast into concrete, early-stage embedding during casting, or retrofit integration with surface or embedded modules. Data management, cybersecurity, and durability of embedded elements are important considerations, along with compatibility with curing and structural performance.

Applications span civil infrastructure and built environments, such as bridges, buildings, tunnels, precast elements, and 3D-printed concrete. Potential benefits include continuous condition monitoring, extended service life, reduced downtime for inspections, and data-driven maintenance planning. InConcrete projects often emphasize lifecycle thinking, resilience, and predictive maintenance.

The field is in the research and pilot-project stage, with activity from universities, industry consortia, and manufacturers. There is no universally adopted standard for inConcrete practice, and approaches vary by region and project. Challenges include cost, sensor longevity, data integration, and ensuring reliability under harsh field conditions, while advocates highlight safety improvements and operational efficiencies as drivers for adoption.