ilmakuvamittaus

Ilmakuvamittaus, also known as aerial photogrammetry, is the science and technology of extracting three-dimensional information about objects or terrain from aerial photographs. This process involves taking overlapping photographs from an aircraft or drone, which are then analyzed using specialized software. The overlapping areas in the photographs allow for the creation of stereoscopic views, enabling the measurement of distances, heights, and shapes.

The fundamental principle behind ilmakuvamittaus relies on triangulation. By knowing the position and orientation of the camera at the time of exposure, and by identifying common points in multiple overlapping images, the three-dimensional coordinates of those points on the ground can be calculated. Ground control points, which are surveyed with high accuracy on the ground, are often used to orient the aerial imagery and ensure the geometric accuracy of the final measurements.

Ilmakuvamittaus has a wide range of applications. It is extensively used in surveying and mapping to create topographic maps, digital elevation models (DEMs), and orthophotos. In construction and infrastructure development, it aids in monitoring progress, assessing volumes, and planning. Environmental agencies utilize it for monitoring land use changes, deforestation, and natural disasters. Archaeology benefits from it in documenting and analyzing ancient sites. The advent of drones has made ilmakuvamittaus more accessible and cost-effective for smaller-scale projects, further expanding its utility across various fields.