ichthyopathology
Ichthyopathology is the branch of veterinary pathology that studies diseases of fish, including wild populations and those kept in aquaculture, ornamentals, and laboratory settings. It encompasses the causes (aetiology), development (pathogenesis), diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, as well as host–pathogen interactions and the influence of environmental factors on fish health. The field addresses infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, as well as noninfectious conditions such as toxic, nutritional, metabolic, genetic, and developmental disorders, and diseases related to water quality and husbandry.
Common etiologies include bacteria (e.g., Aeromonas, Vibrio species), viruses (e.g., infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, koi herpesvirus,
Management and treatment emphasize biosecurity, water-quality control, proper nutrition, and stress reduction. When appropriate and legally
Ichthyopathology informs aquaculture health programs, wild-fisheries management, and the ornamental fish trade, and it intersects with