iPSCk

iPSCk is a term that refers to induced pluripotent stem cells that have been reprogrammed or derived using a specific set of transcription factors, often referred to as the "Yamanaka factors." These factors, typically Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, are crucial for initiating the reprogramming process. When these factors are introduced into somatic cells, such as skin cells or blood cells, they can revert the cells to a pluripotent state. Pluripotent stem cells possess the remarkable ability to differentiate into virtually any cell type found in the body.

The development of iPSCs by Shinya Yamanaka in 2006 revolutionized the field of stem cell research. Prior to this, human embryonic stem cells were the primary source of pluripotent cells, but their use raised ethical concerns and presented challenges in obtaining sufficient quantities. iPSCs offer an alternative source that can be generated from a patient's own cells, thereby minimizing immune rejection when used for therapeutic purposes. This patient-specific nature also makes iPSCs invaluable for disease modeling and drug discovery, as they can be used to create in vitro models of various human diseases. The reprogramming process for iPSCs can be achieved through various methods, including viral transduction, mRNA delivery, or protein delivery, each with its own advantages and disadvantages regarding efficiency and safety.