hõõglambi

Hõõglambi, commonly known as an incandescent light bulb, is an electric light source that produces light by incandescence, a process where a filament is heated to a high temperature by electric current passing through it. The filament is typically made of tungsten, chosen for its high melting point and resistance. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb, which is either evacuated or filled with an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen. This prevents the filament from oxidizing and burning out quickly. When electricity flows through the filament, it glows and emits light. The color of the light produced depends on the temperature of the filament, with higher temperatures resulting in a whiter light.

Hõõglambid were the dominant form of electric lighting for over a century. Their simplicity of design and low manufacturing cost made them widely accessible. However, they are notoriously inefficient, with a significant portion of the electrical energy consumed being converted into heat rather than light. This inefficiency led to their gradual replacement by more energy-efficient lighting technologies, such as fluorescent lamps and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Many countries have phased out or are in the process of phasing out the production and sale of traditional hõõglambid due to their energy consumption. Despite their declining popularity, they remain a familiar and historically significant invention in the history of illumination.