hæstiréttur

Hæstiréttur, the Supreme Court of Iceland, is the highest court in the Icelandic judiciary. It serves as the final court of appeal for civil, criminal, and administrative matters, and it considers certain issues of law directly from lower courts when required by statute. Its decisions are binding on all other courts in Iceland and contribute to the development of Icelandic law.

Jurisdiction and function: The court reviews decisions from the Landsréttur, the Court of Appeal, and, in specific circumstances, directly from district courts. Appeals to the Hæstiréttur generally require permission and tend to address points of law or significant legal questions rather than simple factual disputes. The court also interprets the constitution in cases where constitutional questions arise during proceedings.

Composition and procedure: The court is composed of a number of justices, led by a president. Judges are appointed to serve on the Hæstiréttur and sit on panels that decide cases, with the possibility of larger panels for important matters. Cases are typically argued in writing, and oral hearings are held in certain situations. The court issues written judgments that explain the legal reasoning and establish binding precedent for future cases.

Role in Icelandic law: The Hæstiréttur operates independently of the executive and legislative branches. Its rulings shape Icelandic private and public law, providing authoritative interpretation of statutes, common law, and the constitution. Decisions are published and serve as references for lower courts, public authorities, and legal professionals.