hypouricémie

Hypouricemia is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low levels of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a waste product produced when the body breaks down purines, which are found in certain foods and are also produced by the body. Normal uric acid levels typically range from 2.5 to 7.0 mg/dL. Hypouricemia is generally defined as a serum uric acid level below 2.0 mg/dL.

The causes of hypouricemia can be varied. Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition that affects uric acid metabolism or excretion. Certain medications, such as probenecid or high-dose salicylates, can also lower uric acid levels. Other contributing factors can include severe liver disease, certain types of cancer, and conditions that lead to increased uric acid excretion, such as Fanconi syndrome. In many cases, hypouricemia is asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during routine blood tests. However, in some individuals, particularly those with a genetic cause, it can be associated with an increased risk of kidney problems. These can include nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) due to the precipitation of less soluble urate crystals, and acute kidney injury, especially during periods of intense physical exertion or dehydration. Diagnosis is made through blood tests measuring serum uric acid levels. Treatment is generally not required unless symptoms or complications arise. Management focuses on addressing the underlying cause if identified and treating any associated kidney issues.