hypertensjonen

Hypertensjonen, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a medical condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. This sustained elevation can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and vision loss.

Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is represented by two numbers: systolic pressure, the top number, which measures the pressure in arteries when the heart beats, and diastolic pressure, the bottom number, which measures the pressure in arteries when the heart rests between beats. Generally, a blood pressure reading below 120/80 mmHg is considered normal. Readings between 120/80 mmHg and 139/89 mmHg are considered elevated or prehypertension, while readings of 140/90 mmHg or higher are classified as hypertension.

The causes of hypertension can be varied. In many cases, the exact cause is unknown, a condition known as essential hypertension. However, risk factors include age, family history, obesity, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and stress. Secondary hypertension is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as kidney disease, thyroid problems, or certain medications.

Managing hypertension typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthy diet low in sodium, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol intake, and quitting smoking. In many cases, medication is also prescribed to help lower blood pressure. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is crucial for effective management.