housework

Housework refers to routine tasks required to maintain a home and ensure its functionality, cleanliness, and safety. It includes cleaning, cooking, laundry, dishwashing, waste disposal, shopping, and basic home maintenance. Tasks are typically performed by household residents, though they may also be carried out by helpers or paid staff.

Common activities include cleaning surfaces, vacuuming and mopping, washing bathrooms, doing laundry, ironing, dishwashing, meal preparation, and organizing spaces. Seasonal tasks may involve cleaning windows, redecoration, yard work, and maintenance such as changing lightbulbs or small repairs.

The distribution of housework varies by culture and household. In many societies, it has historically been gendered, with women performing a larger share, though patterns are changing as families share responsibilities and rely on services or appliances. Time-use studies show housework consumes a significant portion of weekly hours for many households.

Environmental and health considerations influence practices. Choices such as eco-friendly cleaners, energy-efficient appliances, properly sorting recyclables, and reducing water use can affect indoor air quality and sustainability. Efficient planning, decluttering, and routines can help manage domestic chores.