hidroksiklorokin

Hidroksiklorokin, also known as hydroxychloroquine, is an antimalarial medication that belongs to the class of 4-aminoquinolines. It is primarily used to prevent and treat malaria caused by Plasmodium species and as a disease-modifying agent in certain autoimmune disorders. The drug is a derivative of chloroquine, with a hydroxyl group added to reduce toxicity.

Originally developed in the mid-20th century, hidroksiklorokin gained prominence in the treatment of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus due to its immunomodulatory effects. It is usually administered orally and has a relatively favorable safety profile when used at therapeutic doses.

In recent years, hidroksiklorokin garnered significant attention as a potential treatment for COVID-19, though subsequent studies yielded mixed results regarding its efficacy and safety for this purpose. Regulatory agencies worldwide have updated guidance based on emerging evidence, emphasizing cautious use and monitoring for adverse effects.

Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort, skin rashes, and headaches. Serious but less frequent adverse effects involve retinal toxicity, which can lead to visual impairment, and cardiotoxicity, including prolongation of the QT interval, which can predispose patients to arrhythmias.

Hidroksiklorokin's pharmacokinetics involve extensive tissue distribution and a long elimination half-life, necessitating careful dosing and monitoring. Its use should be supervised by healthcare professionals to mitigate potential risks effectively.

Overall, hidroksiklorokin remains an important medication in certain medical contexts, but its application continues to be refined based on ongoing clinical research and evolving medical guidelines.