heterobiaryl
A heterobiaryl is a biaryl compound in which at least one of the two aromatic rings is heteroaromatic, meaning the ring contains one or more heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. The defining feature is a single aryl–aryl bond linking two rings, with one or both rings bearing heteroatoms that influence the electronic and steric properties of the molecule. Common motifs include heteroaryl–heteroaryl biaryls (for example bipyridines, bipyrimidines, and related structures) as well as heteroaryl–aryl biaryls (such as a pyridine ring connected to a phenyl ring).
Typical examples and relevance include 2,2'-bipyridine and 4,4'-bipyridine, which are widely used as ligands in coordination
Synthesis of heterobiaryls commonly relies on cross-coupling strategies to forge the biaryl C–C bond. Suzuki–Miyaura, Negishi,
Applications span catalysis, where heterobiaryl ligands such as bipyridines coordinate metals, to organic electronics and medicinal