handball

Handball, also known as team handball, is a fast-paced indoor sport in which two teams of seven players (six outfield players and a goalkeeper) compete to throw a ball into the opposing goal. The game is played on a rectangular court, typically 40 by 20 meters, with goals at each end and a designated goal area. Teams rely on passing, dribbling, and coordinated attacking and defensive play.

A standard match consists of two 30-minute halves, with a halftime interval. Players advance the ball by passing or dribbling and may take up to three steps while holding the ball. A goal is scored when the ball fully crosses the goal line between the posts and under the crossbar. Only the goalkeeper may touch the ball inside the goal area, and substitutions are made on the fly or during stoppages as permitted by the rules.

Handball is governed internationally by the International Handball Federation (IHF), founded in 1946, with regional bodies such as the European Handball Federation (EHF). The sport gained prominence in Europe in the 20th century and has been played at the Summer Olympics since 1972 (indoor version for men) and 1976 (women). The IHF runs the World Championships for men and women.

Variations of the sport include beach handball, played on sand with smaller teams and alternative scoring rules; American handball, a different game played against a wall. While Europe remains the leading region, handball has global participation through national leagues and international events.