hammassuoja

Hammassuoja is a protective device used to shield the teeth and surrounding tissues from injury during activities with a risk of impact, such as contact sports. In Finnish, hammassuoja translates to mouth guard or tooth protector. The device is worn over the upper teeth in most cases to cushion blows and reduce the risk of fractured teeth, lip or tongue injuries, and mouth soft tissue damage. Some players use lower guards or dual-guards in certain circumstances.

Types and materials: There are three main types: stock (ready-made), boil-and-bite, and custom-fitted. Stock guards are inexpensive but offer poor fit. Boil-and-bite molds can be shaped at home after softening in hot water. Custom-made guards are fabricated by dental professionals from an impression of the mouth; they fit best and are generally most protective. Materials commonly used include ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) foams and silicone; some models use layered designs for added shock absorption.

Fit and maintenance: A well-fitting hammassuoja should cover all upper teeth with a comfortable bite; it should not impede breathing or speaking. After use, rinse with cold water, clean with mild soap, and dry before storage. Inspect for wear and replace as needed, typically every season or sooner if damaged.

Regulation and efficacy: Mouthguards reduce the risk of dental injuries and soft tissue damage and are mandatory in many youth and school sports. They do not fully prevent concussions, though they may contribute to overall head protection in some contexts. Custom-made guards require dental supervision and are more costly but offer the best fit and protection.

History and usage: The use of mouth protection became widespread in the 20th century; boil‑and‑bite and custom-fitted designs are now standard in many sports worldwide, including in Finland.