gynekomastiaan

Gynecomastia refers to the enlargement of breast tissue in males. It is a common condition that can affect one or both breasts and can occur at any age, though it is most frequently observed in infants, during puberty, and in older men. The cause is typically an imbalance between the hormones estrogen and testosterone. Estrogen promotes breast tissue growth, while testosterone usually suppresses it. When this balance is disrupted, the male breast tissue can enlarge.

In infants, gynecomastia is usually caused by exposure to the mother's estrogen during pregnancy. This condition is temporary and typically resolves within a few weeks after birth. During puberty, hormonal fluctuations can lead to a temporary enlargement of breast tissue in some adolescent males. This is also usually a transient condition that resolves on its own. In older men, gynecomastia can occur due to a natural decline in testosterone levels and a relative increase in estrogen.

Certain medications, medical conditions, and lifestyle factors can also contribute to gynecomastia. These include some drugs used to treat heart conditions, anxiety, ulcers, and cancers, as well as conditions like liver disease, kidney failure, thyroid problems, and obesity. In most cases, gynecomastia is not a serious medical problem, but it can sometimes cause discomfort or self-consciousness. If the enlargement is significant, persistent, or accompanied by pain or nipple discharge, medical evaluation is recommended to rule out other underlying causes and discuss potential treatment options, which may include lifestyle changes, medication adjustments, or surgery.