guliky

Guliky, also known as gulyay-gorod (Russian: гуляй-город, "walking town" or "rambling town"), was a type of mobile fortress or fortified wagon used in Eastern Europe, particularly by the Muscovites, from the 16th to the 17th centuries. These were essentially large, interconnected wagons, often reinforced with iron and armed with cannons and muskets. They were designed to be moved and assembled on the battlefield, creating a defensive perimeter that could be advanced or repositioned as needed.

The construction of a guliky involved a series of robust wooden wagons, typically four-wheeled, that were linked together to form a continuous wall. The sides of these wagons were often high and sloped outwards, providing protection from enemy fire. Openings were strategically placed to allow for the deployment of artillery and arquebusiers. The design aimed to create a mobile bastion that could provide cover for troops while also projecting firepower.

Guliky were employed in various military campaigns, including sieges and field battles. They offered a significant tactical advantage by allowing armies to create a strong defensive position in open terrain, which could be difficult to assault. Their mobility meant they were not static like traditional fortifications, and they could be used to support offensive maneuvers by advancing with the troops. The concept of the guliky reflects an evolution in siege warfare and field fortifications, adapting to the changing nature of warfare in the era.