goose

Goose is a common name for several large waterfowl in the tribe Anserini of the family Anatidae. Geese are closely related to ducks and swans and are found in both wild and domestic forms. Domestic geese derive mainly from two wild ancestors: the graylag goose (Anser anser) in Europe and western Asia, which gave rise to most breeds, and the swan goose or Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides) in Asia, from which a separate group of breeds arose. They are kept for meat, eggs, and down, and some breeds are valued for their size, docility, or guarding behavior.

Wild geese occupy wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural landscapes across Europe, Asia, and North America. They are primarily herbivorous, feeding on grasses, seeds, aquatic plants, and occasionally invertebrates. Geese are known for their social behavior, strong pair bonds during breeding, and loud vocalizations, often heard in flight as they migrate in characteristic V formations. Many species undertake long seasonal migrations between breeding and wintering grounds.

Reproduction and development vary by species. In wild geese, nests are usually near water, and females lay several eggs that incubate for about 28–32 days. Goslings are precocial and can feed themselves shortly after hatching; they are cared for by parents and later join flocks. Geese molt annually and reach full adult plumage after several months.

Humans raise geese for meat, eggs, and down. Some breeds are kept as guard animals because of their noisy calls and assertive nature. In culinary contexts, some geese are associated with foie gras in certain regions, a practice that is controversial and prohibited in some countries.