gingivális

Gingivitis, commonly referred to as gingivális in some languages, is a mild form of periodontal (gum) disease that causes inflammation of the gums. It is primarily caused by the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on teeth. When plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar (also called calculus), which irritates the gums and leads to inflammation.

The symptoms of gingivitis often include red, swollen, or tender gums that may bleed easily, particularly during brushing or flossing. Bad breath (halitosis) may also occur due to the bacterial growth. In some cases, gingivitis may progress to more severe forms of gum disease if left untreated, though it is generally reversible with proper oral hygiene and dental care.

Several factors can contribute to the development of gingivitis, including poor oral hygiene, hormonal changes (such as those during puberty, pregnancy, or menopause), diabetes, smoking, and certain medications that reduce saliva flow. Stress and genetic predisposition may also play a role. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and flossing daily, is essential for preventing gingivitis. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings can further help remove plaque and tartar buildup.

While gingivitis itself does not lead to tooth loss, if untreated, it can advance to periodontitis, a more serious condition that damages the tissues and bones supporting the teeth. Early detection and treatment are key to preventing complications and maintaining overall oral health.