gestação

Gestação, also known as pregnancy, is the period during which a fetus develops inside a woman's body. This process typically lasts around 40 weeks, counted from the first day of the woman's last menstrual period. It begins with fertilization, where a sperm cell unites with an egg cell, usually in the fallopian tube. The resulting zygote then travels to the uterus and implants in its lining, marking the start of embryonic development.

The gestation period is divided into three trimesters. The first trimester (weeks 1-12) is characterized by rapid cell division and the formation of major organs and body structures. The developing organism is called an embryo during this stage. The second trimester (weeks 13-28) sees significant growth and further development of organs. The embryo is now referred to as a fetus. Movements of the fetus can often be felt by the mother during this period. The third trimester (weeks 29-40) focuses on maturation of the organ systems and substantial weight gain for the fetus, preparing it for life outside the womb.

Throughout gestation, the mother's body undergoes numerous physiological changes to support the growing fetus. These include hormonal shifts, increased blood volume, and changes in metabolism. Regular prenatal care is crucial to monitor the health of both the mother and the fetus, identifying and managing any potential complications. Gestation culminates in childbirth, when the fetus is expelled from the uterus.