gatal

Gatal is a word used in Malay and Indonesian to denote itchiness. It is commonly an adjective describing a sensation of itching on the skin, and it can also function as a verb meaning “to itch.” In medical or clinical contexts, gatal corresponds to the symptom known in English as pruritus.

Gatal is used in everyday speech to refer to itch in specific body areas, such as “tangan gatal” (itchy hands) or “gatal-gatal” to describe persistent itching. The term appears across various dialects and regional varieties, with nuances that can differ by locale.

In addition to its literal meaning, gatal can have figurative uses in Indonesian and Malay slang. It can describe a person who is overly eager, flirtatious, or provocative, sometimes with a pejorative nuance. Phrases invoking this sense emphasize behavior that appears to seek attention or sexual innuendo, and the exact connotation depends on region and social context.

Causes of gatal vary, ranging from benign skin irritation and contact dermatitis to allergic reactions, insect bites, fungal infections, or infestations such as scabies. It can also be a symptom of more systemic conditions, including certain liver or kidney diseases, iron deficiency, or reactions to medications. Diagnosis and treatment depend on the underlying cause and may involve moisturizers, avoidance of irritants, antihistamines, and topical anti-inflammatory medications. Persistent, widespread, or unexplained itching warrants medical evaluation.