friksjonskløtsjer

Friksjonskløtsjer, often simply called clutches, are mechanical devices used to engage or disengage power transmission between two rotating shafts, typically an engine and a transmission. The core principle of operation relies on friction. When engaged, two friction surfaces are pressed together, allowing the torque from the driving shaft to be transferred to the driven shaft. When disengaged, these surfaces are separated, interrupting the power flow.

The most common type is the single-plate dry clutch, found in most manual transmission vehicles. It consists of a flywheel attached to the engine's crankshaft, a clutch disc with friction material on both sides, and a pressure plate. When the clutch pedal is pressed, a mechanism (often a hydraulic or cable system) disengages the pressure plate, releasing the clutch disc and stopping power transmission. Releasing the pedal allows the pressure plate to clamp the clutch disc against the flywheel, re-establishing the connection.

Other types include multi-plate clutches, often used in motorcycles and high-performance applications, which use multiple friction discs to handle higher torques. Wet clutches, submerged in oil, are also common in motorcycles and some automatic transmissions, offering smoother engagement and better heat dissipation. The friction material is crucial, designed to withstand high temperatures and wear, and is typically a composite material. Clutch failure often results from worn friction material or issues with the engagement/disengagement mechanism.