fregata

Fregata is a genus of large seabirds in the family Fregatidae, commonly referred to as frigatebirds. They are tropical and subtropical pelagic birds found across the world’s oceans, often breeding on remote islands. The genus comprises six extant species, including the great frigatebird (Fregata minor) and the magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens).

Frigatebirds have distinctive morphology suited to a life spent largely on the wing. They possess long, pointed wings, a deeply forked tail, and glossy black plumage. Males inflate a bright red gular pouch during courtship, while females are larger. They have very short legs and are poorly adapted to walking on land, spending most of their lives in the air or skimming the surface of the sea.

Diet and behavior revolve around surface-feeding. They primarily take fish and squid from the sea surface, but are also known for kleptoparasitism, harassing other seabirds to force them to drop or reveal prey. They rarely dive for food and can stay aloft for long periods, using dynamic soaring to cover great distances with minimal effort.

Breeding and habitat involve colonies on remote islands. Most species lay a single egg per clutch, and incubation as well as chick-rearing duties are shared between parents, though specific roles vary among species. Nests are typically simple, located on the ground or in vegetation near coastlines.

Conservation status varies among species. Threats include habitat loss on breeding islands and introduced predators. The genus Fregata, within the order Suliformes, is recognized for its distinctive flight, kleptoparasitic behavior, and reliance on marine resources.