formaalform
Formalism is a critical approach in literary theory, art criticism, and philosophy that emphasizes the intrinsic qualities of a work of art or literature, rather than its historical, social, or biographical context. Originating in the early 20th century, formalism focuses on the structure, form, and technique employed by an artist or writer to convey meaning. This perspective argues that the essence of a work lies in its formal elements—such as rhythm, meter, syntax, or composition—rather than external factors like the author’s intentions or the cultural milieu in which it was created.
In literature, formalism examines how language and narrative devices function within a text. For example, a
Key figures in formalism include Russian literary critic Viktor Shklovsky, who introduced the concept of *ostranenie*
Formalism has influenced various fields, including structuralism and New Criticism, which further developed its principles. While