flanged

Flanged is an adjective describing an object that has a flange—a projecting rim, collar, or lip designed to provide mounting surfaces, alignment, or additional strength. A flange is typically a separate part fitted to the end of a component or formed as part of the component’s edge.

In piping and mechanical systems, flanged connections are common. A flanged joint consists of two flange-ended components bolted together with a gasket between to seal. Flanges come in various types by method of connection: weld neck (welded to pipe and provides a gradual transition for high pressure), slip-on, threaded, socket weld, blind (cover to seal an opening), and lap joint. Flanges have standard bolt circle diameters, thicknesses, and pressure ratings (for example, ANSI/ASME B16.5). The mating faces can be raised, flat, or other profiles; common face types include raised face, flat face, and ring-type joint. Proper gasket material and bolt torque are important to ensure leak-free joints.

Flanging is also a metalworking forming operation that creates a flange along the edge of a sheet or plate or the end of a duct. It strengthens the edge, allows mounting or joining, and reduces distortion in fabrication.

Other uses of the term arise in railways (flanged wheels have a rim projecting inward to keep the wheel on the rail) and in fasteners or bearings described as flanged, meaning they include a flange for load distribution. Overall, flanged parts are characterized by their integrating flange designed to facilitate connection, alignment, or reinforcement.