fireground

A fireground is the area surrounding a fire that is actively being worked by emergency responders, primarily firefighters. It is established to provide a safe zone for personnel to operate and to control the spread of the fire. The fireground is typically defined by incident command and marked with cones, tape, or vehicles to delineate entry and exit points and to restrict access to unauthorized individuals.

Within the fireground, specific operational zones are often established. The "hot zone" is the immediate area where the fire is present and where the most dangerous operations, such as firefighting and rescue, take place. Entry into the hot zone requires full protective gear and is limited to trained personnel. The "warm zone" is adjacent to the hot zone and serves as a transition area. Here, personnel can doff contaminated gear, receive medical evaluation, and prepare for re-entry or debriefing. The "cold zone" is the safest area, furthest from the fire. It is used for command posts, staging areas for apparatus and personnel, rehabilitation of firefighters, and medical treatment.

The size and layout of the fireground are determined by the nature and severity of the incident, the surrounding environment, and the resources available. Effective management of the fireground is crucial for firefighter safety, efficient resource allocation, and successful incident mitigation. This includes maintaining clear communication, managing traffic flow, and ensuring that personnel operate within their designated zones and capabilities.