fasteplasmaglukos

Fasteplasmaglukos is a clinical measure of the concentration of glucose in plasma after a period of fasting, typically 8 to 12 hours. It is commonly abbreviated as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and is reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L).

Procedure and interpretation. To obtain a fasting plasma glucose, a patient abstains from caloric intake for the designated period, and a blood sample is drawn for laboratory analysis. Glucose concentration is usually determined by enzymatic methods such as glucose oxidase or hexokinase assays. Plasma values, rather than whole blood, are standard for diagnostic purposes. Normal ranges and diagnostic cutoffs vary slightly by guidelines, but commonly accepted thresholds are around 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) for normal, 100–125 mg/dL (5.6–6.9 mmol/L) for impaired fasting glucose, and 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher on two occasions for diabetes.

Clinical use. Fasteplasmaglukos is used to screen for diabetes and to identify impaired fasting glucose, a prediabetic state that indicates higher risk of progression to diabetes. It is also used to monitor glycemic control in patients with established diabetes and to assess conditions that affect glucose metabolism.

Limitations and context. FPG results can be influenced by acute illness, stress, medications, or recent changes in diet. A single abnormal value is not sufficient for diagnosis; repeat testing or complementary assessments, such as an oral glucose tolerance test or HbA1c measurement, may be employed.

See also. Fasting blood glucose, impaired fasting glucose, diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, oral glucose tolerance test.