exocanthion

Exocanthion refers to a condition characterized by the outward displacement of the inner canthus, the corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet. This abnormality can occur in one or both eyes and is often associated with a variety of underlying causes, ranging from congenital factors to acquired conditions.

In some cases, exocanthion is present from birth, known as congenital exocanthion, and may be linked to genetic syndromes such as Down syndrome, Noonan syndrome, or other chromosomal abnormalities. It can also result from structural issues in the medial canthal tendon, which anchors the inner corner of the eye in place. Acquired exocanthion, on the other hand, may develop later in life due to trauma, surgery, or conditions like thyroid eye disease, which can cause soft tissue and muscle changes around the eyes.

Symptoms of exocanthion may include an asymmetrical appearance of the eyes, difficulty closing the eyelids completely, or exposure of the inner surface of the eye (conjunctiva). In severe cases, it can lead to dryness, irritation, or even corneal damage due to inadequate eyelid coverage. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination by an ophthalmologist or an eye care specialist, who may also assess for underlying conditions.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Mild cases may not require intervention, while more pronounced cases may benefit from surgical correction, such as medial canthoplasty, to reposition the inner canthus. In some instances, corrective procedures may be combined with other treatments to address associated issues, such as eyelid laxity or exposure keratopathy.

Early evaluation and management are important to prevent complications and improve cosmetic appearance. Patients with suspected exocanthion should consult an eye care professional for a thorough assessment and personalized treatment plan.