esterni

Esterni is the plural form of esterno in Italian and broadly refers to things or people that are outside or external relative to a reference group, object, or space. In everyday usage, esterni denote outsiders, external entities, or external parties, and the exact sense depends on the context.

In business, administration and organizations, esterni usually describe personnel, contractors, consultants, or partners who are not employed as internal staff. They may work temporarily or under specific agreements, and their terms of engagement, compensation, and access to internal resources can differ from those of internal personnel.

In sports, particularly football, esterno is a common term for players who operate on the flanks. The two esterni are typically the wingers or wide midfielders who provide width, crosses, and attacking support. The role emphasizes pace, dribbling, and the ability to beat defenders along the sidelines.

In education, some Italian institutions distinguish between studenti esterni (external students) and studenti interni (internal students). External students are enrolled in courses or exams without being resident on campus, and they may face different admission or enrollment conditions and tuition arrangements.

In architecture and design, esterno describes the exterior or outer surfaces of a building, such as the facade or outdoor spaces, contrasted with the interno, or interior.

Etymology and related terms: esterno derives from Latin externus. The word is versatile and its precise meaning is determined by the domain of discourse, ranging from physical exteriority to social or professional externality.