epoprostenolo

Epoprostenol is a synthetic form of prostacyclin, a naturally occurring eicosanoid in the human body. Prostacyclin is a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Epoprostenol mimics these effects and is primarily used in medicine to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In PAH, the blood vessels in the lungs become narrowed, leading to high blood pressure in these vessels and strain on the right side of the heart. Epoprostenol works by widening these blood vessels, thereby reducing the pressure and improving blood flow.

The administration of epoprostenol is typically through continuous intravenous infusion, requiring a specialized pump and indwelling catheter. Due to its short half-life, it must be administered without interruption to maintain its therapeutic effect. Discontinuation or interruption of the infusion can lead to a rapid and potentially life-threatening worsening of symptoms. Epoprostenol is also used to prevent blood clots in certain medical procedures, such as during hemodialysis or cardiopulmonary bypass, due to its anti-platelet properties.

Common side effects of epoprostenol include flushing, headache, nausea, vomiting, and jaw pain, which are often related to its vasodilatory effects. It is a critical medication for many patients with severe PAH, significantly improving exercise capacity and survival rates. However, its complex administration and potential for serious adverse events necessitate careful monitoring and management by healthcare professionals.